The Use of Blockchain for Digital Archives: a comparison between Ethereum and Hyperledger (AIUCD 2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2532-8816/9959Keywords:
Blockchain, Cultural Heritage, Digital Archives, Ethereum, HyperledgerAbstract
Negli ultimi anni la tecnologia blockchain si sta diffondendo sempre più su larga scala in diversi settori di ricerca, inclusi i Beni Culturali. Esistono diverse tipologie di blockchain, che possono essere classificate sia in base al tipo di utenti che possono accedervi, sia in base alle funzionalità che offrono. Questo articolo descrive uno studio teorico in cui si confrontano due blockchain molto diverse tra di loro: Ethereum e Hyperledger, al fine di definire quale delle due è maggiormente indicata per la memorizzazione di beni culturali tangibili contenuti in archivi digitali. Dopo una breve descrizione delle due tecnologie, verrà descritto un possibile scenario di applicazione abbastanza generico per poter capire quale delle due tecnologie meglio soddisfa i requisiti. Verrà quindi effettuato il confronto tra le due blockchain sulla base di problematiche generali, requisiti architetturali e considerazioni varie. Come risultato del confronto, emergerà che Hyperledger Fabric è più adatta nel contesto degli archivi digitali.
References
Melanie Swan. 2015. “Blockchain: Blueprint for a new economy”. O’Reilly Media.
Martin Zeilinger. 2018. “Digital art as ‘monetised graphics’: Enforcing intellectual property on the blockchain”. Philosophy & Technology 31/1, pp. 15-41. DOI: 10.1007/s13347-016-0243-1
Clara Bacciu, Angelica Lo Duca and Andrea Marchetti. 2019. “The Use of Blockchain for Digital Archives: Challenges and Perspectives”. AIUCD Annual Conference – Pedagogy, Teaching and Research in the Age of Digital Humanities, pp. 78-81.
Gavin Wood. 2014 “Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger”. Ethereum Project Yellow Paper. Accessed October 28, 2019 https://gavwood.com/paper.pdf
Christian Cachin. 2016. “Architecture of the hyperledger blockchain fabric”. Proceedings of the Workshop on Distributed Cryptocurrencies and Consensus Ledgers. 2016. Accessed October 28, 2019 https://www.zurich.ibm.com/dccl/papers/cachin_dccl.pdf
Clara Bacciu, Angelica Lo Duca. and Andrea Marchetti. 2019. “A Blockchain-based Application to Protect Minor Artworks”. WEBIST Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies, pp. 319-325. DOI:10.5220/0008347903190325
Mariano Basile, Gianluca Dini, Andrea Marchetti, Clara Bacciu and Angelica Lo Duca. 2019. “A blockchain-based support to safeguarding the Cultural Heritage”. EVA Proceedings of the Electronic Imaging & the Visual Arts, pp. 64-73.
Nakamoto, Satoshi. 2008. “Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system”. Accessed October 22, 2019, https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
David Schwartz, Noah Youngs and Arthur Britto. 2014. “The ripple protocol consensus algorithm”. Ripple Labs Inc WhitePaper. Accessed October 28, 2019 https://ripple.com/files/ripple_consensus_whitepaper.pdf
Victoria Lemieux. 2017. “A typology of blockchain record- keeping solutions and some reflections on their implications for the future of archival preservation”. Big Data 2017. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Big Data, pp. 2271–2278. DOI: 10.1109/BigData.2017.8258180
Elena García-Barriocanal, Salvador Sánchez-Alonso Miguel-Angel Sicilia. 2017. “Deploying metadata on blockchain technologies”. In Research Conference on Metadata and Semantics Research, pp 38-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70863-8_4
Xueping Liang, Sachin Shetty, Deepak Tosh, Charles Kamhoua, Kevin Kwiat, Laurent Njilla. 2017. “Provchain: A blockchain-based data provenance architecture in cloud environment with enhanced privacy and availability”. CCGRID 2017 Proceedings of the 17th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing, pp. 468-477. DOI: 10.1109/CCGRID.2017.8
Alka Vishwa and Farookh Khadeer Hussain. 2018. “A blockchain based approach for multimedia privacy protection and provenance”. SSCI 2018 Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, pp. 1941-1945. DOI:10.1109/ssci.2018.8628636
Deepayan Bhowmik and Tian Feng. 2017. “The multimedia blockchain: A distributed and tamper-proof media transaction framework”. DSP Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Digital Signal Processing, pp. 1-5. DOI: 10.1109/ICDSP.2017.8096051
Albert Galiev, Shamil Ishmukhametov, Rustam Latypov, Nikolai Prokopyev, Evgeni Stolov and Ilya Vlasov. 2018. “Archain: a novel blockchain based archival system”. WorldS4 Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems, Security and Sustainability, pp. 84-89. DOI: 10.1109/WorldS4.2018.8611607
ARMA. 2017. “International. Generally Accepted Recordkeeping Principles”. https://rim.ucsc.edu/management/images/ThePrinciplesMaturityModel.pdf
Accessed October 24, 2019
ISO. 2016. “ISO 15489-1/2: 2016- Information and documentation - Records management”. Accessed October 24, 2019 https://www.iso.org/standard/62542.html
Zibin Zheng., Shaoan Xie, Hong-Ning Dai, Xiangping Chen and Huaimin
Wang. 2018. “Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey”. International Journal of Web and Grid Services, 14/4, pp. 352-375.
Juan Benet. 2014. “Ipfs-content addressed, versioned, p2p file system”. arXiv preprint. arXiv:1407.3561.
Markus Schäffer M., Monica Di Angelo and Gernot Salzer. 2019. “Performance and Scalability of Private Ethereum Blockchains”. BPM 2019 Proceedings of the Business Process Management: Blockchain and Central and Eastern Europe Forum. DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30429-4_
Hyperledger Performance and Scale Working Group. “Hyperledger Blockchain Performance Metrics” Whitepaper 2018. https://www.hyperledger.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/HL_Whitepaper_Metrics_PDF_V1.01.pdf
Accessed October 24, 2019
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Angelica Lo Duca, Clara Bacciu, Andrea Marchetti
The copyrights and publishing rights of all articles in this journal belong to the respective authors without restrictions.
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (full legal code).
See also our Open Access Policy.
