ATLAS: A Knowledge Graph to enhance the findability of International Scholarly Research on the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60923/issn.2532-8816/21765

Keywords:

Knowledge Graph, Knowledge extraction, Semantic Web, Research Infrastructures, Italian Cultural Heritage, Web Application

Abstract

In recent years, the abundance of scholarly information has requested constant development and revision of standardized models and shared guidelines. Based on these frameworks, the Digital Humanities (DH) landscape is represented in a variety of aggregators expected to enhance research data findability while promoting use and reuse. However, current semantic models fail to capture the specificity of DH research products, hindering data discovery and hampering the valorisation of Cultural Heritage. The ATLAS project addresses these key challenges by developing a unified framework for describing and aggregating scholarly outputs, particularly in the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage domain. This paper presents the initial versions of the ATLAS Ontology and Knowledge Graph, designed to model DH outcomes such as Digital Scholarly Editions, text collections, Linked Open Data, ontologies, and software. In so doing, ATLAS aims to enhance resource findability and reuse, paving the way for improved interoperability and future advancements in the field.

References

[1] Amodeo, Stefania, Alane Brunschweiger, Franziska Krauss, Giulia Malaguarnera, and OpenAIRE Non-Profit Civil Partnership. ‘The OpenAIRE Graph: Empowering Research through Open Science’, 3 October 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.13885430.

[2] Amodeo, Stefania, Thanasis Vergoulis, Elli Papadopoulou, Matthew Buys, Andrea Mannocci, and Giulia Malaguarnera. ‘EOSC Collaborative Frontiers to Achieve Interoperability and Enhance Scholarly Data’. 22 October 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14055894.

[3] Bardi, Alessia, Marina Buzzoni, Marilena Daquino, Riccardo Del Gratta, Angelo Mario del Grosso, Franz Fischer, Sebastiano Giacomini, et al. ‘DH ATLAS: Datathon Survey Responses v1.0’. Zenodo, 8 April 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15173474.

[4] Bardi, Alessia, Marina Buzzoni, Marilena Daquino, Riccardo Del Gratta, Angelo Mario del Grosso, Franz Fischer, Roberto Rosselli Del Turco, et al. ‘DH ATLAS: Knowledge Graph v1.0’. Zenodo, 8 November 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14058144.

[5] Bardi, Alessia, Marina Buzzoni, Marilena Daquino, Riccardo Del Gratta, Angelo Mario del Grosso, Franz Fischer, Roberto Rosselli Del Turco, et al. ‘DH ATLAS: Ontology v1.0’, 8 November 2024. https://zenodo.org/records/14058232.

[6] Bechhofer, Sean, Iain Buchan, David De Roure, Paolo Missier, John Ainsworth, Jiten Bhagat, Philip Couch, et al. ‘Why Linked Data Is Not Enough for Scientists’. Future Generation Computer Systems 29, no. 2 (2013): 599–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2011.08.004.

[7] Brogan, Martha L. ‘Survey of Digital Library Aggregation Services’, Digital Library Federation. 2003. http://old.diglib.org/pubs/dlf101/dlf101.htm.

[8] Brügger, Niels, and Niels Ole Finnemann. ‘The Web and Digital Humanities: Theoretical and Methodological Concerns’. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 57, no. 1 (2013): 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2012.761699.

[9] Carriero, Valentina Anita, Aldo Gangemi, Maria Letizia Mancinelli, Ludovica Marinucci, Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese, Valentina Presutti, and Chiara Veninata. ‘ArCo: The Italian Cultural Heritage Knowledge Graph’. In The Semantic Web – ISWC 2019, edited by Chiara Ghidini, Olaf Hartig, Maria Maleshkova, Vojtěch Svátek, Isabel Cruz, Aidan Hogan, Jie Song, Maxime Lefrançois, and Fabien Gandon, 11779:36–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30796-7_3.

[10] Ciotti, Fabio. ‘A landscape of Digital Humanities in Italy: backgrounds, institutions and infrastructures.’ Testo e senso 16 (2015): 195-213.

[11] Daquino, Marilena, Alessia Bardi, Marina Buzzoni, Riccardo Del Gratta, Angelo Mario Del Grosso, Franz Fischer, Francesca Tomasi, and Roberto Rosselli Del Turco. ‘The ATLAS: A Knowledge Graph of Digital Scholarly Research on Italian Cultural Heritage’. In Di Silvestro, Antonio and Daria Spampinato (edited by), Me.Te. Digitali. Mediterraneo in rete tra testi e contesti, Proceedings del XIII Convegno Annuale AIUCD2024, pp. 588–592, 2024. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/7927.

[12] Daquino, Marilena, Laurent A. Fintoni, Sebastiano Giacomini, and Francesca Tomasi. ‘CLEF 2.0. Soluzioni per la catalogazione nativa Linked Data del patrimonio digitale culturale italiano’. In Di Silvestro, Antonio and Daria Spampinato (edited by), Me.Te. Digitali. Mediterraneo in rete tra testi e contesti, Proceedings del XIII Convegno Annuale AIUCD2024, pp. 588–592, 2024. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/7927.

[13] Daquino, Marilena, Francesca Mambelli, Silvio Peroni, Francesca Tomasi, and Fabio Vitali. ‘Zeri Photo Archive RDF Dataset’. Centro Risorse per la Ricerca (CRR-MM), Università di Bologna, 18 May 2016. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/5497.

[14] Daquino, Marilena, Mari Wigham, Enrico Daga, Lucia Giagnolini, and Francesca Tomasi. ‘CLEF. A Linked Open Data Native System for Crowdsourcing’. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 16, no. 3 (30 September 2023): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1145/3594721.

[15] Di Giorgio, Sara. ‘Gli archivi del MiBACT L’integrazione dei dati archeologici digitali’. In Proceedings del Workshop L’integrazione dei dati archeologici digitali - Esperienze e prospettive in Italia (Lecce, Italia, 1-2 ottobre, 2015), pp. 47–55. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1634/paper6.pdf.

[16] Fenlon, Katrina, Jacob Jett, and Carole L. Palmer. ‘Digital Collections and Aggregations’, in Digital Humanities Data Curation. 2017. https://guide.dhcuration.org/contents/digital-collections-and-aggregations/.

[17] Fintoni, Laurent A. ‘Rethinking Scholarly Digital Objects as Cultural Heritage: The KNOT Project’. In Di Silvestro, Antonio and Daria Spampinato (edited by), Me.Te. Digitali. Mediterraneo in rete tra testi e contesti, Proceedings del XIII Convegno Annuale AIUCD2024, pp. 588–592, 2024. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/7927.

[18] Franzini, Greta, Melissa Terras, and Simon Mahony. ‘A Catalogue of Digital Editions’. In Driscoll, Matthew James, and Elena Pierazzo, eds. Digital Scholarly Editing: Theories and Practices. 1st ed. Vol. 4 (pp. 161–182). Digital Humanities Series. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2016. https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0095.

[19] Freire, Nuno, Valentine Charles, and Antoine Isaac. ‘Evaluation of Schema.Org for Aggregation of Cultural Heritage Metadata’. In The Semantic Web, edited by Aldo Gangemi, Roberto Navigli, Maria-Esther Vidal, Pascal Hitzler, Raphaël Troncy, Laura Hollink, Anna Tordai, and Mehwish Alam, 225–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93417-4_15.

[20] Frosini, Luca, Alessia Bardi, Paolo Manghi, and Pasquale Pagano. ‘An Aggregation Framework for Digital Humanities Infrastructures: The PARTHENOS Experience’. SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology 8, no. 1 (11 July 2018). https://doi.org/10.2423/i22394303v8n1p33.

[21] Giacomini, Sebastiano, Alessia Bardi, Marina Buzzoni, Marilena Daquino, Riccardo Del Gratta, Angelo Mario Del Grosso et al. ‘ATLAS: Towards a Knowledge Graph of International Scholarly Research on the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage’. 2025. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3937/paper4.pdf.

[22] Giacomini, Sebastiano, Marilena Daquino, Francesca Tomasi, and Laurent Antoine Fintoni. ‘CLEF 2.0. Solutions for Native Linked Data Cataloguing of Italian Digital Cultural Heritage’. JLIS.It 16, no. 1 (14 January 2025): 108–26. https://doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-611.

[23] Griseldaonline. ‘Gli strumenti dell’Italianistica digitale’, 2020. https://site.unibo.it/griseldaonline/it/strumenti/strumenti-italianistica-digitale.

[24] Hall, Crystal. ‘Digital Humanities and Italian Studies: Intersections and Oppositions’. Italian Culture 37, no. 2 (3 July 2019): 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/01614622.2019.1717754.

[25] International Organization for Standardization. ISO 9241-11:2018 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 11: Usability: Definitions and concepts. ISO, 2018. https://www.iso.org/standard/63500.html.

[26] Lorenzini, Matteo, Marco Rospocher, and Sara Tonelli. ‘On assessing metadata completeness in digital cultural heritage repositories.’ Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 36, no. Supplement_2 (2021): ii182-ii188.

[27] Martignano, Chiara, Alessia Bardi, Marina Buzzoni, Marilena Daquino, RICCARDO DEL GRATTA, ANGELO MARIO DEL GROSSO, Franz Fischer, et al. ‘DH ATLAS: White Book v1.2’. Zenodo, 25 February 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14925266.

[28] Peroni, Silvio, and David Shotton. ‘FaBiO and CiTO: Ontologies for Describing Bibliographic Resources and Citations’. Journal of Web Semantics 17 (2012): 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.websem.2012.08.001.

[29] Peroni, Silvio, Francesca Tomasi, and Fabio Vitali. ‘The Aggregation of Heterogeneous Metadata in Web-Based Cultural Heritage Collections: A Case Study’. International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology 8, no. 4 (2013): 412. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWET.2013.059107.

[30] Rettberg, Najla, and Birgit Schmidt. ‘OpenAIRE - Building a Collaborative Open Access Infrastructure for European Researchers’. LIBER Quarterly: The Journal of the Association of European Research Libraries 22, no. 3 (29 November 2012): 160–75. https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.8110.

[31] Roelli, Philipp, and Caroline Macé. ‘Parvum Lexicon Stemmatologicum. A Brief Lexicon of Stemmatology’. Helsinki: Helsinki University Homepage, 1 November 2015. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-121539.

[32] Sahle, Patrick et al. ‘A catalog of Digital Scholarly Editions’. v.4.112 2020ff. 2020. https://www.digitale-edition.de.

[33] Salvatori, Enrica, Roberto Rosselli Del Turco, Chiara Alzetta, Chiara Di Pietro, Chiara Mannari, and Alessio Miaschi. ‘Il Codice Pelavicino tra edizione digitale e Public History’. Umanistica Digitale, no. 1 (1 October 2017). https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2532-8816/7232.

[34] Salvatori, Enrica, and Vittore Casarosa Vittore. ‘Codice Pelavicino’, ILC-CNR for CLARIN-IT repository hosted at Institute for Computational Linguistics "A. Zampolli", National Research Council, in Pisa, 2024, http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11752/OPEN-1012.

[35] Scarpa, Erica, and Riccardo Valente. "A RESOURCE HUB FOR INTEROPERABILITY AND DATA INTEGRATION IN HERITAGE RESEARCH: THE H-SETIS DATABASE." Archeologia e Calcolatori 35, no. 1 (2024).

[36] Schema.org. ‘Data and Datasets overview’. 2024. https://schema.org/docs/data-and-datasets. html.

[37] Sefton, Peter, Eoghan Ó Carragáin, Stian Soiland-Reyes, Oscar Corcho, Daniel Garijo, Raul Palma, Frederik Coppens, et al. ‘RO-Crate Metadata Specification 1.1.3’, 26 April 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7867028.

[38] Sicilia, Miguel-Angel, Elena García-Barriocanal, and Salvador Sánchez-Alonso. ‘Community Curation in Open Dataset Repositories: Insights from Zenodo’. Procedia Computer Science 106 (2017): 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.03.009.

[39] Soiland-Reyes, Stian, Peter Sefton, Mercè Crosas, Leyla Jael Castro, Frederik Coppens, José M. Fernández, Daniel Garijo, et al. ‘Packaging Research Artefacts with RO-Crate’. Edited by Silvio Peroni. Data Science 5, no. 2 (20 July 2022): 97–138. https://doi.org/10.3233/DS-210053.

[40] Tomasi, Francesca. ‘Digital humanities e organizzazione della conoscenza: una pratica di insegnamento nel LODLAM’. AIB Studi 60, no. 2 (28 May 2020). https://doi.org/10.2426/aibstudi-12068.

[41] Tomasi, Francesca. Organizzare la conoscenza: Digital Humanities e Web semantico. IT: Editrice Bibliografica, 2022. https://doi.org/10.53134/9788893573573

Downloads

Published

2026-01-29

How to Cite

Giacomini, S., Martignano, C., Rubin, G., Bardi, A., Buzzoni, M., Daquino, M., … Tomasi, F. (2026). ATLAS: A Knowledge Graph to enhance the findability of International Scholarly Research on the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage. Umanistica Digitale, 10(22), 45–76. https://doi.org/10.60923/issn.2532-8816/21765