Una panoramica delle strategie di conservazione di opere d’arte digitale

Autori

  • Michele Foti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2532-8816/8209

Parole chiave:

Digital art conservation, Born digital art, Conservation strategies, Preservation, Digital conservation

Abstract

In questo testo si presenta una guida alle strategie di conservazione nel lungo periodo di opere d’arte digitale. Oltre a una breve presentazione di ogni strategia che viene menzionata dalla letteratura sull’argomento, il lettore troverà un primo approccio alle principali problematiche e riferimenti bibliografici alle trattazioni tecniche. Gli studi consultati parlano di una serie di strategie tra le quali gli addetti dei musei e i professionisti della conservazione devono scegliere caso per caso a seconda della natura dell’opera. I lavori di arte digitale, infatti, presentano caratteristiche (le componenti fisiche, l’architettura dei programmi informatici e gli aspetti comunicativi e interattivi) estremamente multiformi e variabili durante il loro ciclo di vita. Gli esempi di opere raccolti dalla bibliografia rappresentano questo fluido scenario. Il computer permette la creazione di nuovi linguaggi artistici, di nuove forme e di nuove estetiche, come la realtà virtuale o aumentata, che mettono in crisi pratiche e principi conservativi legati alla preservazione di oggetti. Concettuale, effimera e processuale, l’arte digitale presenta similitudini con le problematiche conservative dell’arte contemporanea. Si aggiungono problemi legati all’uso delle reti di computer, alla miniaturizzazione delle componenti fisiche (hardware) e all’estrema volatilità delle istruzioni (software) in linguaggio informatico. Queste sono impartite dal programmatore/artista, nelle quali vi lascia spesso il suo “segno”. Poiché il sistema operativo, i computer e i supporti di memoria hanno un ciclo di vita breve e vengono rimpiazzati rapidamente dalla ricerca e dal mercato, senza interventi conservativi le opere digitali rimangono indietro e sono condannate all’illeggibilità in pochi anni. La letteratura sull’argomento privilegia la conservazione delle componenti immateriali e concettuali del prodotto artistico rispetto a quelle fisiche e tecnologiche. Queste ultime sono soggette a obsolescenza e possono (devono) essere sostituite o riadattate al contesto nel lungo periodo.

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Pubblicato

2018-11-18

Come citare

Foti, M. (2018). Una panoramica delle strategie di conservazione di opere d’arte digitale. Umanistica Digitale, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2532-8816/8209

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Articoli